Year 2023, Issue 4

Date published

14.12.2023

Table of content

  • Gerganta Tsoncheva Petkova
    Specificity in Disclosure of Segment Information
    JEL: Ì41
    Keywords: operating segment, IFRS 8 Operating segments, ASC 280 Segment reporting, vertically integrated activity, management approach
    Summary: The aim of this study is to highlight the main problem areas in the disclosure of segment information by transnational companies. In them is characteristic the broad diversification that is associated with operating simultaneously... The aim of this study is to highlight the main problem areas in the disclosure of segment information by transnational companies. In them is characteristic the broad diversification that is associated with operating simultaneously in different economic spheres and in different geographical areas, and this determines the relevance of the topic. This in turn gives rise to the need for adequate accounting information that presents activity by individual component segments. In the development of the article the methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison. As globalisation processes accelerate, the number of organisations operating in different geographies and economic areas. The variety of activities they carry out are characterised by different risks, opportunities for growth and rates of return, and in order to be able to evaluate and analyse these necessary to present their activity by segment. As a result of this study, the following stand out several key points in the disclosure of segment information in recent years by transnational companies, namely: providing the opportunity for external users to get a fuller picture of their activities; the provision of information on different types of business activities/segments and different economic environments helps to better understand and subsequent valuation of a company; allows for a deeper analysis of the the past development of the enterprise, etc.
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.58861/tae.di.2023.4.01
  • Radka Andasarova
    Role of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) in Promoting Public Sector Accounting Reform
    JEL: M41, M48
    Keywords: financial reporting, public sector, International Federation of Accountants, digitalization
    Summary: Digital governance and applying a framework for general purpose financial reporting by public sector entities are the key for successful reform in European countries. IFAC standard-setting activities and digital technologies in the... Digital governance and applying a framework for general purpose financial reporting by public sector entities are the key for successful reform in European countries. IFAC standard-setting activities and digital technologies in the public sector accounting are analyzed. The initiative is widely supported by IFAC member bodies and associates, representing more than 3 million professional accountants across the globe. This article's purpose is to study the role of IFAC in the process of accounting reform in the public sector. It is considered that the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) has a significant and key role in this process, promoting of the new platform for digital access to IAS- eIS and the tools to assist public sector entities transitioning from cash to the accrual basis of accounting – “Pathways to Accrual“.
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.58861/tae.di.2023.4.02
  • Milen Atanasov
    Critical Analysis of the Rights and Obligations of the Insurance Broker Defined in the Insurance Code
    JEL: Ê19
    Keywords: insurance broker, insurance contract, insurance case, insurance brokerage contract, commission, insurance bonus, information activity of the insurance broker, consulting activity of the insurance broker
    Summary: In the present work, the rights and obligations of the insurance broker (IB), which are covered by the insurance and reinsurance activity carried out by him, are examined and systematized, according to the Bulgarian legislation. The... In the present work, the rights and obligations of the insurance broker (IB), which are covered by the insurance and reinsurance activity carried out by him, are examined and systematized, according to the Bulgarian legislation. The manner in which the remuneration of the IB is determined and negotiated and the possibility of its deduction from the amount of the insurance premium is presented. The circumstances under which IB has the right to receive both insurance premiums and important information relevant to the insurance risk, as well as documents on insurance claims, are specified. The obligations of the IB related to its information and consulting activities in informing the users of insurance services about the most rational coverage of the various types of insurance products are covered and analyzed in detail, directing individually to the most suitable of them. The obligations of the insurance company are also presented, extending to the conclusion of insurance contracts, establishing the insured event and its consequences, as well as its administrative legal obligations. In following up and analyzing the individual types of rights and obligations of the IB, a number of proposals have been made to supplement and improve the current regulations.
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.58861/tae.di.2023.4.03
  • Galya Vezirova
    Differentiated Instruction in English Language Teaching (Level B1)
    Keywords: differentiation, differentiated instruction, differentiated learning, principles, elements, content, process, product, environment, icebreaker, small groups, tasks of varying complexity, interest centers and groups, cubing, compactness, levels, multi-layered curriculum, authentic assessment
    Summary: The article examines the possibilities of applying differentiated instruction in intensive English language learning (level B1). The essence of differentiation and the peculiarities when it is used in the educational process are... The article examines the possibilities of applying differentiated instruction in intensive English language learning (level B1). The essence of differentiation and the peculiarities when it is used in the educational process are clarified. The principles and elements of differentiated instruction are examined. Emphasis is placed on the possibilities for the application of this philosophy and approaches and strategies are proposed for the full and effective implementation of differentiated learning in intensive English language learning.
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.58861/tae.di.2023.4.04
  • Georgi Georgiev
    Genesis of Concepts of Deflation from the Classical to the Neo-Classical Economic Schools
    JEL: E31, B00, B12, B13, B14, B15
    Keywords: deflation, Classical and Neoclassical economic thoughts, early systemic crises theory, German historical school
    Summary: The current study is devoted to deflation, which is a significantly less analyzed problem in modern economic theory. The interest to this topic is prompted by the increasing probability of deflationary episodes, due to the periods... The current study is devoted to deflation, which is a significantly less analyzed problem in modern economic theory. The interest to this topic is prompted by the increasing probability of deflationary episodes, due to the periods of recession and depression observed in recent years almost all around the world. The main thesis of the article is that analyzing the origin and genesis of the concepts that explation deflation during the mentioned period has the potential to increase effectiveness in managing future deflationary processes. The aim of the study is to present a comparative analysis of some of the first systematic economic studies – from the birth of economic science to the period of the Keynesian revolution. This is done to achieve a more accurate and complete understanding of the economic interpretations of deflation over time, as well as the reasons that led to it and the consequences of the process.
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.58861/tae.di.2023.4.05