Year 2016, Issue 1
Date published6.4.2016
Table of content
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Milko Palangurski
The Military Strategy and Potential of Russia through the Eyes of the Bulgarian ArmySummary: During the first few months of World War One the Bulgarian military and political leadership began watching closely the mobilization possibilities and Russia’s participation in the war. This was done by a military attaché, and... During the first few months of World War One the Bulgarian military and political leadership began watching closely the mobilization possibilities and Russia’s participation in the war. This was done by a military attaché, and by the means of military and civil secret services. Being well informed of Russia’s approach, the Bulgarian services predicted that in the next 48 months the country would either win the war, or a serious conflict would follow. These predictions helped Bulgaria maintain neutrality for more than a year.DOI: -
Rositsa Simeonova
New Aspects of Accounting LegislationJEL: M41Keywords: Accounting legislation, Accountancy Act, National Accounting Standards, types of enterprises, financial statements, consolidated financial statements, accounting basis, financial statement presentation, General Regulations in the National Accounting StandardsSummary: Accounting is an information system, which only creates information regarding the financial position, the efficiency of operations, the changes in the financial position and the cash flows of enterprises. All this suggests certain... Accounting is an information system, which only creates information regarding the financial position, the efficiency of operations, the changes in the financial position and the cash flows of enterprises. All this suggests certain requirements for its operation and the information it creates. They are codified in the existing accounting legislation – the Accountancy Act and the applicable accounting standards. Some changes have occurred due to the influence of various factors in the accounting regulations. In recent years, the reasons for this have been related to some changes in the basic EU acts that regulate the relations in the field of accounting. A new Accountancy Act and National Accounting Standards (NAS) amended and supplemented have been in force since the beginning of 2016. The standards set out in these regulations have led to changes in the implementation of accounting as a practical activity. This paper highlights both the new aspects of accounting legislation and those that give rise to certain inconsistencies in interpreting them and potential problems in applying them. This is done sequentially – first regarding the Accountancy Act, and then regarding the amendments and supplements to the National Accounting Standards. Some of the arguments can be taken into account when these regulations are further updated.DOI: -
Penko Dimitrov
Set-Off as a Means for Extinguishing Financial ObligationsJEL: K34Keywords: set-off of financial receivables and obligations, set-off act, value added tax, tax credit, corporation tax, taxable persons, revenue taxationSummary: The widely spread monetary character of financial receivables and obligations allows the use of the legal concept of set-off in financial law as well. This article considers the influence of the specificities of regulated public... The widely spread monetary character of financial receivables and obligations allows the use of the legal concept of set-off in financial law as well. This article considers the influence of the specificities of regulated public relations and the sovereign method applied in financial law on the requirements and the conditions for the use of set-off for the purposes of the discharge of financial receivables and obligations. This article analyses the general and the special legal framework regulating the the requirements and the conditions for the use of set-off for the purposes of the discharge of financial receivables and obligations. It considers different cases where the set-off of financial receivables and obligations is allowed – set-off by revenue organs, set-off by the organ competent to determine the financial obligation, set-off during an enforcement procedure, as well set-off of financial receivables and obligations in accordance with certain special laws. A particular attention is given to the sovereign act on the basis of which the set-off of financial receivables and obligations is performed – the set-off act, as well as the organs competent for its issuance.DOI: -
Galya Asenova Kusheva
Analysis of the Development of Tourism Regions in BulgariaSummary: This article makes a comparison between the principles of zoning of Bulgaria for statistical purposes and the requirements and criteria set out in the Concept of tourism zoning of the country, established in 2015. Conclusions are... This article makes a comparison between the principles of zoning of Bulgaria for statistical purposes and the requirements and criteria set out in the Concept of tourism zoning of the country, established in 2015. Conclusions are drawn about the degree of balance between regions, the current trends in tourism development in the newly-formed tourism regions for the period 2010-2013 are tracked and a factor analysis of the change in revenues from nights spent is made. The basic factors stimulating and hindering tourism development are identified for each of the tourism regions.DOI: -
Radka Andasarova
Practical-Applied Model for the Recognition of Impairment Losses for Defaulted Exposures in Commercial BanksJEL: M41Keywords: Commercial Banks, Defaulted Exposure, Impairments For Credit Risk, Recognition, Absolute Materiality Threshold, Relative Materiality ThresholdSummary: The Bulgarian banking system has the practice of determining the impairment losses, which is entirely built on the concepts of Ordinance No.9 of BNB, cancelled in April 2014. After its cancellation any bank credit institution must... The Bulgarian banking system has the practice of determining the impairment losses, which is entirely built on the concepts of Ordinance No.9 of BNB, cancelled in April 2014. After its cancellation any bank credit institution must take action to establish a new policy for the recognition and measurement of their risk exposures and on these grounds to take action to determine the extent of devaluation for a credit risk. In connection with this, the parameter "defaulted exposure" can be used for the purposes of internal bank systems for the recognition and measurement of risk exposures in the decision for the recognition of impairment for credit risk. Defaulted exposure can be defined as an indicator of the level of risk that a bank can take, depending on the ability and desire of a borrower to meet their obligations on the debt. The defaulted exposure is equal to the carrying value of the exposure calculated by the applicable accounting standards.DOI: -
Silvia Todorova Dimitrova
Cultural Policy of Municipalities – Local Population’s EvaluationSummary: An essential element of public policy is the field of culture. In this sense, a significant milestone in the implementation of cultural policy, in terms of the distinctiveness of municipalities, is the assessment of the population,... An essential element of public policy is the field of culture. In this sense, a significant milestone in the implementation of cultural policy, in terms of the distinctiveness of municipalities, is the assessment of the population, for which it is developed. The aim of this publication is to present the support of the local population for cultural policy by the assessment of included in it: cultural activities, priorities, segmentation of users (residents and visitors) and coherence with other public policies. The article presents the results of the population survey on cultural policy implemented in six municipalities in Bulgaria - Kavarna, Balchik, Biala, Shabla, Avren and Dolni Chiflik. With the help of questionnaires were obtained estimates for cultural activities, infrastructure priorities and bottlenecks, as well as consistency with other public policies. Top rated are Kavarna and Balchik on the variety, intensity of the cultural calendar and cultural infrastructure, as well as the consistency of their public policies. Overall, the highest degree of consistency was observed between cultural policy and tourism. The results show that in the segmentation of users we cannot give priority to one category only - locals or visitors. They are equally represented as beneficients of cultural policy.DOI: