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Ivanka Tsoneva
“Black" or Negative PR as Competition Tools
Summary:
Negative PR-technologies are not obvious. Some of them are the result of careless talking, writing, creating slogans and trade-marks. One second group results from destroy someone’s public reputation. The less transparent third group concerns strongly negative methods applied to create awareness, sympathy, and complicated part of dealing with efforts to technologies are the les from the current practice illustrate the recommended methods.
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Plamen Petkov
Algorithm for Econometric Estimation of the Aggregated Production Function by Transcendental Logarithmic (translog) Approximation
Summary:
The study analyzes the dependence of gross domestic product of the number of employees and gross fixed capital formation in Bulgaria with the help of the aggregate production function. Based on quarterly data, which covered the first quarter of 1996 to the first quarter of 2007, is examined the elasticity of substitution of production factors. It is tested three types of production functions – a production function with variable elasticity of substitution of factors (VES-function), a production function with constant elasticity of substitution of factors (CES-function) and classical Cobb-Douglas function. Estimates of the parameters were obtained with the least squares method, applied to transcendental logarithmic (translog) approximation of the production function.
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Kiril Uzunov
Aspects of Forensic Archaeology
Summary:
This paper explores the aspects of Forensic Archaeology. The reader is familiarized with the definitions of terms needed for the thorough exploration of the question. Terms such as archaeology, forensic, forensic archaeology, and field archaeology have been considered. Furthermore, three archaeological techniques are explored in detail, with focus on their origins, equipment and adaptations, when introduced in a forensic context. A discussion on the relationship between the disciplines of forensic archaeology and anthropology is also provided preceding the assessment of the limitations of combining the two disciplines in one person’s career.
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Ventsislav Perkov
Barriers in Implementing Reverse Logistics in Bulgaria
Summary:
The present paper attempts to identify the main barriers in implementing reverse logistics in Bulgarian manufacturing and commercial enterprises. After the theoretical literature review, nine barriers are displayed. Based on a survey, the barriers are ranked according to respondents’ opinions. Barriers in implementing reverse logistics and the degree of importance of its implementation in enterprises are submitted by means of two-dimensional distribution. The next stage of analysis is connected with the study of relationship and direction of influence among the variables. The results show that the reverse logistics is essential for the implementation of more environmentally friendly manufacturing and trade but barriers are relatively irresistible. The reasons for this have their roots in the government policy and non-engagement of managers to problems that can be solved through reverse logistics.
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Yuliia Ishchuk
Drivers of Global Commodity Market Formation
Summary:
The research reviews structural changes taking place in the 21st century, which is an era of shifts in the world economy, occurring under the influence of scientific and technological revolution, specialization and cooperation of industrial production and contributing to qualitative changes in the field of globalization of commodity markets. These processes are imperfect and, due to many shortcomings, require further scientific research.
The purpose of the study is to determine the role of drivers of the global commodity market shaping.
The article investigated the essence of factors of the global commodity market formation and its components. Influence of trade liberalization on formation of global commodity market was determined; the development of information technologies in the field of communications, information processing, transport technologies, as well as vigorous action of multinational companies were analyzed.
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Walter E. Block
Rejoinder to Wysocki on Indifference and the Block-Hoppe Debate
Summary:
There has been an ongoing debate in Austrian economic circles on indifference and methodology. It started with Nozick (1977) who criticized this school of thought on that issue. Block (1980) responded to that essay. The main debaters within Austrian circles have been Block (2009A), Block and Barnett (2010), and Hoppe (2005, 2009). Wysocki (2017) is a recent entry into this discussion. The present paper is a response to this latter contribution.
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Valeri Apostolov
Economic and Social Aspects in Implementation of Safety and Health Conditions of Work Legislation
Summary:
This article reveals current trends in practical implementation of health and safety legislation, focusing on working time patterns and work organization. Using the National Profile for Occupational Safety and Health, developed in 2019, the article makes conclusions about the most common patterns of working time and organization of work in enterprises in the Bulgarian economy and measures the influence of patterns identified upon possibility to create health and safety at work. The analysis made identifies alarming trends requiring immediate addressing, such as working 50 hours per week, 6 and 7 days work, overloading of persons with certain professional qualifications, low efficiency and poor organization of the working processes.
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Milena Beneva
Implementation of Environmental Factor in Pension Investments
Summary:
Modern financial markets create a new criterion for evaluating the investment performance of companies - a multidimensional approach that combines the financial, social and environmental aspects together. A sustainable and responsible investment approach is perceived as a long-term driver of value and many institutional investors around the world, incl. pension funds, integrate it into their traditional investment process. At the same time, Bulgarian private pension funds either neglect (underestimate) the issues of sustainable development, or changå their investment policy too timidly and uncertainly.
After an in-depth analysis of the sustainable and responsible investment practices imposed by the ecological leaders among the pension funds, the current research paper offers an adapted model for integrating the "green" investment trend, consistent with the organization and development of voluntary private pension funds in Bulgaria.
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Natalia F. Altukhova, Elena V. Vasileva
Internet-Entrepreneurship in Russia and the New Forms of Training Young Entrepreneurs
Summary:
The article considers features of development of startups in Russia. Department of Business Informatics Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation teaches undergraduate and graduate students the basics of entrepreneurship on the Internet from 2015. Developed author's techniques of training of young entrepreneurs based on the use of technology design thinking. The authors use the example of a business game, which uses design thinking and Lean Startup.
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Igor Wysocki, Walter E. Block
Caplan on Probability: a Critique
Summary:
This paper addresses economic methodology, focusing particularly on Caplan’s (2003) probabilistic analysis and the problems therewith. The argument launched against Caplan is based on the fact that the said author either violates the rule of self-reference (his methodological statement) rule does not obey the standard it sets itself to judge the lower-level propositions of economics) or if it does not, Caplan is inevitably in the epistemic dark as to the probability of lower-level propositions. In the meantime, we will make an attempt at the exegesis of what Caplan may possibly mean by the notion of probability. Finally, it will be demonstrated that the criticism directed at Caplan does not apply to the methodology employed by Austrian economics.
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Olena Sharah
Quality of the Economic Growth under the Terms and Conditions of the Technological Progress
Summary:
This Paper has a two-fold purpose: 1) to explore the abstract and theoretical principles of the classical and neoclassical economic theory to the notion of the economic growth under the terms and conditions of the technological progress; 2) to try to apply these provisions with national economic practice of modern Ukraine.
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Alexander Chumakov
The Conflict and the Possibility of Dialogue in the Modern World
Summary:
 ñòàòüå ðàññìàòðèâàåòñÿ ïðîáëåìà ñîöèàëüíî-ïîëèòè÷åñêèõ êîíôëèêòîâ â óñëîâèÿõ íàðàñòàþùåé ãëîáàëüíîé âçàèìîçàâèñèìîñòè è ñïîñîáîâ èõ ïðåîäîëåíèÿ. Ïîä÷åðêèâàåòñÿ, ÷òî â îñíîâå ñîâðåìåííûõ îáùåñòâåííûõ ïðîòèâîðå÷èé ëåæèò êóëüòóðíàÿ äèôôåðåíöèàöèÿ è íåäîñòàòî÷íûé óðîâåíü öèâèëèçàöèîííîãî ðàçâèòèÿ, êàê îòäåëüíûõ èíäèâèäîâ, òàê è âñåâîçìîæíûõ ñîöèóìîâ. Íàèëó÷øèì ñïîñîáîì ðåøåíèÿ êîíôëèêòîâ ÿâëÿåòñÿ äèàëîã, êîòîðûé ìîæåò ñòàòü îñíîâíûì ñðåäñòâîì îáùåíèÿ ëþäåé, åñëè íà ìåñòî âëàñòè ñèëû, ïðèäåò ñèëà äóõà, ÷òî ïðåäïîëàãàåò ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèé óðîâåíü öèâèëèçîâàííîñòè, ðàçâèòèÿ òîëåðàíòíîñòè è êóëüòóðû â öåëîì.
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Ivanka Tsoneva
Manipulating of Public Opinion - Psychological Foundations
Summary:
Public opinion is presented as a heterogeneous mixture of rational beliefs, irrational stereotypes and emotional beliefs of individuals from the target audience. For its consolidation psychologically grounded techniques and tactics are offered. They must comply with both rational and emotional characteristics and the sign of its constituent individual opinions - positive, zero, negative. Each approach is illustrated by a case study.
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Maya Lambovska
A Model for Performance Evaluation of Responsibility Centers in the Organization
Summary:
This article presents a model for performance evaluation of responsibility centers in the budgetary management process of the organization. The model is based on sophisticated instruments, including classical management tools and contemporary mathematical tools of theory of fuzzy logic and fuzzy subsets. The model is presented conceptually and methodologically (by algorithm for implementation). One possible application of the model is illustrated in four versions by an example for a cost center operating in uncertain and stable / dynamic environment.
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Marina Nikolova
Posibilities for Ecologically-Oriented Utilization of Agricultural Biomass
Summary:
Biomass contributes the major share to the renewable energy sources (RES) potential in Bulgaria. A considerable amount of biomass is produces as a result of breeding animals, growing various crops, storing waste, maintaining green areas in the public sector or recycling waste waters.
An important mechanism for effective utilization of energy and biomass energy, in particular, is communal energy planning. Municipalities, micro-regions and regions should develop and strategically consider systems for utilizing separate energy sources, including biomass. For this reason, modern ecologically-oriented energy production technologies are of great importance for the local economies of each particular region and also lead to improvement of their ecological balance. With reference to this, it is necessary to make a timely assessment of the effectiveness and potential for electricity production form biomass in Bulgaria.
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Radoslav Gabrovski
The Challenges in EU Business Environment: Possibilities or Problems for the Bulgarian Firms
Summary:
The paper focuses the attention upon some of the most significant challenges the Bulgarian business is to be faced with after joining with the EU. Highlighted the main areas and reasons for the difficulties and problems the country would probably suffer in the new business environment. The author’s concept is that amongst the many efforts the Bulgarian companies would need to meet the rigid requirements of the new business-logic in EU market, business-re-engineering and risk management are of primary and utmost importance. From that point of view, some of the key areas and suggestions are briefly outlined below.
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Penka Shishmanova
The Key Challenges of Knowledge-based Economy Facing Some Countries of the Balkan Region (Greece, Bulgaria, Turkey)
Summary:
This paper analyzes the progress of three Balkan countries – Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey, in building a knowledge-based economy. For this purpose we employ the Knowledge Assessment Methodology – KAM/ of the World Bank and, in particular, a system of indicators integrated into four supporting “pillars” – economic initiative and institutional environment, education, innovations, information and communication technologies.
Based on that, we compare the accomplishments of the respective countries, uncover the common ground and the differences between them, outline their weaknesses and comparative advantages, high-light their particular problems and lay down their potentials. All of this in the long run is intended to outline the key challenges of knowledge-based economy facing each of the three countries and the Balkan region at large.
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William Barnett Ii, Walter E. Block
Involuntary Unemployment
Summary:
Our claim is that in the purely free enterprise system, there can be no such thing as involuntary unemployment, as long as wage demands are in accord with expected productivity, as perceived by the potential employer. Seeming counter examples are shown to violate one or more of these conditions. Nevertheless, there is great resistance on the part of professional economists to this axiomatic claim. The second part of the paper attempts to probe the cause of this resistance, and finds in praxeology, a rejection of Keynesian economics and psychological analysis, the cure for it.
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Ivanka Tsoneva
The Change of Public Opinion - Psychological Methods
Summary:
The methods for changing public opinion can be explained by classical and new concepts of applied psychology. Different variants of bilateral verbal communication are analyzed. Emotional approaches for changing public opinion are explained by the theory of commitment and consistency in actions.
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Tsvetelina Kabakchieva
Organic Farming - the Future of the Agricultural Economy of Bulgaria
Summary:
Organic farming owes its emergence, existence and principles to the nature itself, while the fundamental rule of its practice is to be in harmony with it, without harming it. In fact, it is a new perception of the environment and a new attitude towards its protection, both now and in the future. Organic farming combines the best environmental practices, high biodiversity, the conservation of natural resources and high production standards based on natural substances and processes. It also corresponds to a specific market that responds to specific consumer demands while at the same time it provides public goods that are in terms with environmental protection, animal welfare and rural development.
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Rosemary Papworth
Reflective Practice and Personal Development Planning for Undergraduates Studying Business and Economics
Summary:
This paper looks at reflective practice and personal development planning both from and academic and business point of view. As will be demonstrated, these skills are of fundamental importance to students wishing to pursue a career in the business world in order to properly reflect on their current practice and to further develop their knowledge and skills in a knowledge-economy based environment where human capital can be seen to be their most valuable asset. Firstly, the definition and process of reflective practice will be examined in both the academic and professional world. Personal development planning will then be examined in its relation to reflective practice and how it has already been implemented in the UK. Finally, we will look at how these processes and activities can be integrated into the academic environment.
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Polya Angelova
Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) in the Context of Agricultural Statistics
Summary:
The Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) is a partial representative survey for evaluating the income and economic activities of agricultural holdings in the European Union. The survey covers only holdings that are considered market-oriented or commercial and they form the field of observation. In this paper we present the methodological framework of the FADN survey with the emphasis on the basic definitions and main indicators describing the activities of the agricultural holdings. Further we clarify the criteria used for the stratification of the holdings, the sampling methods and the contents of the Farm Return questionnaire. More attention is focused on the specific application of the FADN in Bulgaria with statistical analysis of the main economic results of the agricultural holdings for the period 2004 – 2009.
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William Barnett Ii, Walter E. Block
Scale of Values Violates Singularism
Summary:
There is at the very least a tension between two basic building blocs of Austrian economics. The doctrine of singularism maintains that choice is inevitably and necessarily between two and only two things: that which is chosen, and the next best alternative, which is set aside. However, implicit in the concept the scale of values is the claim that choice can take place over many, many alternatives. If one of these has to be jettisoned, and we argue that one must be, then we vote for the latter.
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Vanya Ganeva
Social and Solidarity Economy – Democratic Association, Mutual Aid and Cooperation
Summary:
The author of this article attempts to clarify the nature, specificity and role of social and solidarity economy in the modern world. She also discusses to what extent it should be the focus of attention of economic sociology as a science in the context of the relation with its subject matter, and which approaches and theories in sociology and economic sociology can be used as explanatory models of social and solidarity economy.
The conclusion is that social and solidarity economy successfully combines the achievement of economic and social objectives. It contributes to social cohesion and inclusion, and plays an important role in integrating risk groups such as people with mental and physical disabilities.
Social and solidarity economy as part of the economy of a society is the subject of research by economic sociology as a science studying the social aspects of economic life. The theoretical approaches (for social networks, social capital, social nature of economic activities, etc.), developed in modern economic sociology, can be used as explanatory models of the processes occurring in social and solidarity economy.
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Galina Chipriyanova
Specificity of The Digitalization of the Training in Accounting, Bachelor’s Degree
Summary:
A key commitment in digitalization is the integration of digital technologies in existing learning processes to add more value to the educational product. The digitalization of accounting training favors its development as a process based on meaningful learning activities that take place in an interactive environment and on specific work situations about accounting practice.
Special attention is paid to determining internal factors for the success of this process, such as the presence of strong leadership, defined strategic goals of digitalization, creation of new working models and finding the right digital tools.
Three main options for further digitalization of accounting training are presented as in parallel the research analyzes the possibilities of the applicable digital tools.
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William Barnett Ii, Walter E. Block
The Rate of Time Preference: a Praxeological Oxymoron
Summary:
In ordinal utility analysis, one can but prefer or set aside. A person can choose option A or option B. Chalk or cheese, guns or butter. There cannot be any such thing as a rate at which a man engages in such activities. Cardinality cannot enter into the picture. No one prefers a given amount of chalk twice as much as cheese. This basic praxeological insight should not be lost sight of when we enter the more complex realm of time preference and interest rate determination. And yet, it commonly is. For we all speak of a “time preference rate.” This is an oxymoron and a praxeological monstrosity. The present paper is devoted to promoting clear thinking by attempting to purify economic language, so as to jettison the concept of a “time preference rate.”
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Kalin Kalev
Accounting Monitoring on Determinants of Disclosures ‒ Validity and Application to Bulgarian Banks
Summary:
Theoretical framework for investigation of mandatory disclosures have no algorithmical of research methodology and methods. The main reason is there is no established common conceptual framework of disclosures in financial reporting which functional definition to reflect their role and significance. By “functional definition” of concept we mean a definition which makes explicit the usefulness of the concept for certain purposes. In the paper we analyse the determinants of disclosures on sample of bank institutions in Bulgaria and we test previous research assumptions and resultants of the accounting literature. Furthermore, we propose a new framework for measurement of risk disclosures which can introduce to our knowledge some insights about the factors that influence the practice.
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Viktoriia Psota
Creation of a Mechanism for the Implementation of Green Purchases in the Public Sector: Ukrainian Experience
Summary:
The globalization of public relations has led to the need to reform the public sector of the economy. Harmonization of legislation and regulatory basis with European Union standards requires the generation of new approaches and forms of interaction between customers and participants in procurement processes. The reform of the public procurement system gave an impetus to a change in the attitude of the state customers to the procurement process and the recognition of the need to introduce green procurement.
In the article, the authors investigate the process of implementing green procurement in Ukraine, analyse the regulatory basis and determine the shortcomings in the implementation of the environmental procurement mechanism. In this work carried out a research the priority sectors of the economy for which procurement is most often realize in the regions of Ukraine and suggests using an individual approach to the implementation of green procurement, depending on the needs of the local public sector. The work has developed tools for implementing green procurement, but the mechanism for their application requires research by a wider circle of specialists in various industries. The authors note the shortcomings of the generally accepted methodology for calculating budget savings, which does not take into account the life cycle of goods, should be the future research of scientists.
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Metody Kanev
The Creative and Disruptive Societal Change. The Place and Role of Universities.
Summary:
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Stanimir Slavov
Resistance to Organizational Change in Socio-Psychological Aspect
Summary:
Organizations are forced to change constantly. Employees react to the occurring organizational changes in a different manner. Where there is negative attitude, there is also resistance. It can be discussed in various aspects. In this article we will place the emphasis on its socio-psychological aspect. Our aim is to point out the main socio-psychological reasons for resistance, the forms it can take, as well as the measures which can be taken to prevent it or restrict it.
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Karim Naama
The State of Information Technology in the Arab World
Summary:
Information technology has become extremely important in the post-Cold War world. Developments in information technology have been described as a revolution due to their role in spurring human communities into a higher stage of development based in on knowledge and information. Information capital has become an essential resource given that information technology, which refers to both information networks and telecommunications, is now considered a form of capital. The growing importance of information capital arises from the shift towards economic globalization, the growing need for diversifying sources of information to achieve sound decision-making, as well as the overall impact of information technology on the individual politically, socially, and culturally.
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Blagovesta Nikolova
Trends in Contemporary Economic Forecasting
Summary:
This text attempts to outline some changes in the realm of economic forecasting within the context of a broader process of transformation in contemporary forecasting during the last few decades. The paper focuses on the following issues: the rise of technological forecasting; the advantages of long-term planning; the emergence of ‘alternative futures’ and global modeling; the normative considerations in economic forecasting; and some specific problems which need to be taken into consideration when making economic forecasts.
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Spas Dimitrov
Theoretical Foundations of Logistics
Summary:
The purpose of this paper is to make a brief overview of the definition of logistics beginning with its militaristic and economic origins. The word of logistics originates from the ancient Greece. Logistics as a business concept evolved only in the 1950s. This was mainly due to the increasing complexity of supplying one’s business with materials and shipping out products in an increasingly globalized supply chain, calling for experts in the field who are called Supply Chain Logisticians. Logistics is “the process of planning, implementing, and controlling procedures for the efficient and effective transportation and storage of goods including services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption for the purpose of conforming to customer requirements. This definition includes inbound, outbound, internal, and external movements1”. The logistics is defined as a science with its object.
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Elitsa Krasteva
The Technological Audit as a Tool for Development of Innovation Strategies
Summary:
The article focuses on some important planning aspects of the development of business innovation strategies. An emphasis is put on procedural specifics of the technological audit of companies in the cosmetics sector. The possible parameters for utilization of their innovative potential have been outlined.
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Mariana Drumeva
Trade Knowledge and Commercial Practices in the Town of Svishtov During the National Revival Period
Summary:
The article examines the prevalence of knowledge in the field of trading in the town of Svishtov during the Bulgarian Revival in the form of books containing knowledge in trading; handbooks specialized in commercial and legal matters and double-entry bookkeeping (diplography) and the inclusion of disciplines such as commerce and accounting in the curricula of schools. Attention is paid to the first commercial school in Bulgarian lands founded by D. Em. Shishmanov in 1873. Improvement of trading methods and practices of Svishtov merchants influenced by the progress in education have been viewed in this paper.It has been concluded that interconnection and interdependence of education and practice in trading is an important factor for the economic prosperity of the town of Svishtov during the Bulgarian Revival period.
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Hristo Sirashki
Innovation Management – an Alternative for the Ecologization of Activities in the Mining Industry
Summary:
This paper deals with some theoretical issues concerning innovation management. The emphasis falls on the importance of keeping the environment clean and the activities carried out in the mining industry. It analyzes and evaluates the results of a study on the state of certain sites for raw materials mining. It also draws conclusions on the management of innovations concerning the ecologization of the mining industry.
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Julian Vassilev
Management of Network Security of a University Server by Analysis of Log Files
Summary:
The purpose of this paper is to manage network security by analysis of log files of Apache web server. We try to detect problems related to network security. In theoretical terms various methods and tools for the analysis of log files are studied. The given methodology for analysing log files is presented for the first time in this study. It can be applied in the analysis of log files on other web servers.
