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Plamen Petrov
The Agricultural Sector in Bulgaria - Convergence and Current Trends
Summary:
The specifics of the common agricultural policy in Europe and the reforms organized in the chronicle of the Bulgarian economy over the last 30 years require a rethinking of the market positions of economic agents, having their permanent presence in the agricultural business of the country. Despite the fact that the Operational Programs of the European Structural Funds have the character of a net donor for the strengthening of the industry during the two programming periods, there is still an underdeveloped potential for proper market orientation, weak convergence and competitive form to make it a monolithic foundation of economic reality, opposing the crisis effect of a number of other sectors.
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Daniela Sotirova
Business Ethics and Economic Citizenship
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Daniela Sotirova
Business Ethics and Crisis
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A transformation of business ethics discourse in modern-day global crises is discussed in this paper. A new conceptual framework and a different intellectual atmosphere for public ethical discourse have been originated. The main question is of changing perspectives to understand ethical issues in business. The problem requires a broad understanding of business ethics as a systematic handling the values in business. Ethics as a critical discipline /i.e. it makes use of critical analysis/ becomes an important perspective of ethical thinking in a situation of global crisis. Analyses and conclusions are based on methods typical for any interdisciplinary applied-oriented study in humanities: interpretation of viewpoints and texts of public leaders in economics, crisis and ethics; comparative and content analyses of social facts and sociological data are used in consideration.
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Lyuben Kirev
The Business and Innovations
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Mihail Mihaylov, Margarita Gergova, Kiril Mitov, Rositsa Koleva, Lyudmila Doncheva, Krasimir Kulchev, Bilyu Bilev
Ideas for Improving the Organization of Training Students in Business Analysis
Summary:
The essay offers ideas for improving the organization of training students in Business Analysis. It outlines the modern trends in the education process and shows approved practices with their importance for stimulating students' individual work. The emphasis is on the use of innovation technologies and teaching aids.
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Ivan Todorov, Alexander Alexandrov
Two Combined Approaches to Estimating Bulgaria’s Cyclical Position and Business Cycle Phase
Summary:
The cyclical position and the business cycle phase of Bulgaria have been estimated using two new approaches, which combine a production function and a Hodrick-Prescott filter. The results obtained following the two approaches are similar and close to the estimates of national, European and international financial institutions. Recommendations have been made on macroeconomic policy, which is consistent with the cyclical position and the business cycle phase.
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Dimitrios Petropoulos, Galina Chipriyanova, Mihail Chipriyanov, Totiu Ivanov
Research Geographic Expansion Opportunities for Businesses through Alternative Network Strategies
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The research aims to analyze the opportunities for geographic expansion through the implementation of network company strategies. The expectations are that focusing on vertical and horizontal integration will offer a comprehensive understanding of this critical aspect of enterprise growth. Innovative approaches such as vertical and horizontal integration are examined for optimizing the value chain and gaining competitive advantages. The significance of collaboration and the formation of cooperatives among producers to enhance efficiency and establish a strong market presence is underscored. Additionally, the article presents global trends, local circumstances and the current status in Greece through synthesis and strategic analysis, offering alternative strategies for the future with a focus on network connections and innovations. Examples from key agricultural sectors in Greece, such as oranges, olives and olive oil, are also included in the assessment.
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Natalia F. Altukhova, Elena V. Vasileva
Internet-Entrepreneurship in Russia and the New Forms of Training Young Entrepreneurs
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The article considers features of development of startups in Russia. Department of Business Informatics Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation teaches undergraduate and graduate students the basics of entrepreneurship on the Internet from 2015. Developed author's techniques of training of young entrepreneurs based on the use of technology design thinking. The authors use the example of a business game, which uses design thinking and Lean Startup.
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Vanya Grigorova
The Covid-19 Crisis: a Stress Test for Corporate Responsibility in Bulgaria
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The study looks into the specifics of corporate social responsibility during the state of emergency, imposed because of the coronavirus pandemic. This study aims at scrutinizing and systematizing how CSR targeted both internal and external stake - holders (employees and wider society, respectively) during the COVID-19 induced state of emergency in Bulgaria. The analysis is based on an overview of corporate social responsibility in Bulgaria, comparisons with practices in other countries, as well as a survey with employees from 82 companies. The collected data illustrates the practices applied towards employees, business partners and society. The estimated total index of CSR allows to highlight economic sectors where social responsibility is higher. Acomparison between employee-oriented practices and practices oriented at other stakeholders can show whether the company is equally socially responsible inside and outside the enterprise. The findings can provide guidelines for future more comprehensive studies and can be used to propose further recommendations for business and governmental policies in future extreme economic events.
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Mihal Stoyanov, Desislava Grozdeva
Mobile Internet Commerce as a Form of Fluid Commerce
Summary:
Mobile commerce is a form of non-store retail trade that furthers the development of e-commerce through its implementation using portable smart devices with Internet access. Evolutionary emergence of mobile commerce is a tool of expanding opportunities for the implementation of commerce in the desired user location and time.
It stands out as a fluid, highly adaptable and highly personalized form of commerce, modern and efficient mechanism for selling products in global markets, which solves some of the current shortcomings of e-commerce, basically the possibility of completely autonomous and independent of physical fixed hardware to exchange in the preferred location for the virtual exchange.
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Veniamin Todorov
Modelling Uncertainty During the COVID-19 Crisis
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The study analyses the levels and the dynamics of uncertainty as a fundamental element of the macroeconomic environment during the COVID-19 crisis. The focus is on the modelling of uncertainty on the basis of the market approach for quantifying it. The process of modelling results in the calculation of indicators through which a comparative empirical evaluation is done. In terms of the economies included, the comparative analysis encompasses the EU and the United States. The analysis is conducted on two levels that go side by side and complement each other. The first one consists of comparing the periods for the concrete economy. The results show similar trends for the EU and for the United States. For the three periods, defined in the study, the sequence of the changes does not differ for the two economies. The second level includes a comparative analysis of the same periods between the economies. The results exhibit a considerable similarity in the levels of uncertainty. For the first two periods the differences are not even statistically significant. For the third period, however, there is a greater difference which is characterized by statistical significance.
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Vladimir Sirkarov
Optimization of Monetary Aggregates from the Point of View of the Austrian Monetary Theory - Possibilities and Effects
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The money supply is calculated by different monetary aggregates with a certain structure and scope. The Federal Reserve calculates and publishes two units - M1 and M2. The correct measurement of money supply plays a fundamental role in the conduct of effective monetary policy by central banks. Unfortunately, official monetary aggregates do not have a clearly defined theoretical basis in the selection of individual components, which can lead to inaccuracies in their disclosure and management. This makes the current study relevant, through which an optimized monetary aggregate can be presented, based on the Austrian monetary theory. One of the most accurate monetary aggregates is based on the Rothbard-Salerno concept and is referred to in English-language financial theory as True Money Supply (TMS). The monetary instruments that are part of it cover two main criteria - whether they are the final means of payment of all transactions and whether they are a claim to cash that is convertible at face value.
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Admira Boshnyaku
Characteristics of the Business Environment in the Context of Industry 4.0
Summary:
Today’s business organisations operate in an extremely complex and rapidly changing business environment. Among the reasons for this dynamics are rapid technological progress, business globalization processes, changes in consumer requirements, etc. The fourth industrial revolution and the massive application of the technologies associated with it in all aspects of our lives, in combination with the COVID-19 pandemic, have significantly strengthened all these processes, changing important factors of the surrounding business environment and thus posing new requirements and challenges for companies. In this regard, this article examines the main groups of macro factors of the business organizations' environment, analyzes some changes in them and some new requirements caused by Industry 4.0, that business organizations should take into account in the process of strategic business planning.
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Irena Nikolova
Specifics in the Definition of Currency Risk
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Risk management is one of the tools for diminishing the negative effect on the companies in the non financial sector in times of economic and financial crisis. The foreign exchange risk as a part of the whole risk in a company has a direct as well as indirect influence on its corporate activities. The factors that influence the foreign exchange risk, the different economic levels and the foreign exchange risk as well as the various exposures to the risk are presented in this paper.
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Radoslav Gabrovski
The Challenges in EU Business Environment: Possibilities or Problems for the Bulgarian Firms
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The paper focuses the attention upon some of the most significant challenges the Bulgarian business is to be faced with after joining with the EU. Highlighted the main areas and reasons for the difficulties and problems the country would probably suffer in the new business environment. The author’s concept is that amongst the many efforts the Bulgarian companies would need to meet the rigid requirements of the new business-logic in EU market, business-re-engineering and risk management are of primary and utmost importance. From that point of view, some of the key areas and suggestions are briefly outlined below.
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Yuliyan Gospodinov
Problems in defining the nature and framework of public-private partnership in Bulgaria
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Public-private partnerships (PPP) are part of the general change in the activities of the local authorities in their research for new forms of municipal management. An undeniable fact is that the last few decades have been accompanied by the strengthening of this partnership in countries transforming from planned to market oriented economies. The article examines the opinions of both individual authors and institutions, exploring the nature and the legal framework of the PPP. The result is that there has not been made a single opinion on the matter. They are all seeking a summary, starting from the agreed views in the documents of the European Union. However, there is a problem that they are not sufficient for full implementation of PPP schemes, because of the national laws of member states, including Bulgaria, and the sovereign right of each country to regulate the issues, regarding these partnerships independently.
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Viktor Monev
Problems Related to Assessment of Business Foreign Language Knowledge and Skills
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The Foreign language teaching is related to the achievement of predetermined goals. In the field of the language for general use, these goals are oriented towards teaching phonetic, lexical and grammatical knowledge of language skills and their application in communication between people. The checking of the knowledge takes place frequently through tests, allowing a relatively objective assessment by the teacher. In the case of teaching a foreign language for special purposes these objectives are extended through specific vocabulary, common used grammatical structures and the ability to work with technical texts, which allow professional communication. Creating tests and their use in practice requires the inclusion of elements that check the level of knowledge of the specialized language.
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Nikola Yankov
A Holistic Model and Methodics for the Business Development Process
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The problem is especially valid for the 2007 – 2013 ã., in which the Bulgarian economy has to be modernized and Bulgarian enterprises to be supported in their developmental efforts by special European and national strategic programes and funds. Applying for funding the enterprises has to create their own models. Due to this we present in the study possible conceptual models. They have to be available befor the real projects for business organizational development process starts. The development process needs a comprehensise methodics for the evaluation and strategizing. It is also presented in the study.
The object of the study is a holistic concept for approaching and for development of business systems to be presented. Before to start the real development of the business systems their management has to analyse and then to strategize them as networks. The relations between different managerial documents are also examined.
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Trayan Yosifov
Social and Economic Significance of Bulgarian Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: SWOT Analysis
Summary:
Bulgarian economy remains within the periphery of more prominent economic processes. The country significantly lags not only behind leading European economies but also behind Central European economies, which used to have similar economic development in the early 1990s. In this respect, without a doubt, the emphasis should be put on the role of small and medium-sized enterprises, which form a fundamental part of the employment rate within the country and generate a major revenue part of the republican and local budgets. The purpose of this study is to focus on the main advantages and disadvantages of Bulgarian small and medium-sized enterprises and based on them to propose working measures for improving their market performance.
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Mariana Ianeva, Ralitsa Georgieva
Managing the Business Tourism as a Prerequisite for Sustainable Growth
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The present paper aims to explore and analyze the possibilities of diversifying the supply of travel agencies by creating specialized products as a factor for achieving economic efficiency on the overall activity of the enterprise. The implementation of sustainable growth management strategies is a turning point for developing a competitive advantage for both tourist areas and companies in the conditions of market homogeneity. Specific application of the ways of overcoming the homogeneity of supply was found in the specialization of the tourist companies to create programs related to the business tourism and its components, an integral part of the dynamic development of the national and international economy.
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Milka Bakyrdzhieva
Humor - a Means of Efficient Business Communication. Age, Gender and Cultural Differences
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Humour is considered a means for efficient business communication and a factor for successful business. It relieves the tension and stress, „breaks the ice”, leads to creative decisions, conveys inconvenient truths as skillful jokes, wins sympathy and trust when the jokes are directod to the speaker, „aikido”, etc. Everybody can learn how to joke. This requires some knowledge on the essence of humour, the main types of humour, the importance of humour, and especially on the existing age, gender, and cultural differences. With such knowledge and appropriate trainnig everybody shall know when, where, and how to use his sense of humour.
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Yordan Vasilev
Is the Problems of Financing and Crediting of the Small and the Medium Business will Remain after our Incorporation in EU?
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