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Mariana Drumeva
Demographic-economic Face of Svishtov at the Beginning of Bulgarian Renaissance
Summary:
The present paper attempts to outline the demographic and economic outlook of the town of Svishtov from ancient times to the beginning of the Bulgarian Revival. The data throwing light on these issues are relatively scarce and can be found in archaeological excavations in the vicinity of the town, in published historical documents, foreign travelogues and in researches on the town of Svishtov and the economic-historical development of Bulgarian lands. The study is a survey and aims to summarize and systematize the present information from historical sources and historical-geographical research on the problems posed. Thus the prerequisites for the increased role of the town during the Revival can be more fully and more precisely explained.
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Ivaylo Donchev Beev, Petar Ilkov Peshev
About Relation "Legal Regulation - Economic Relations"
Summary:
Jurisprudence affirms that "the legal system regulates social relations that are subject of lasting settlement". Economic relations are a kind of public relations and as such are also subject to legal regulation. Therefore, the economic system is premised on the legal device that is stipulated according to the constitution. While classical political economy, introducing the concept of "economic base (substructure)" and "social structure (superstructure)" defines economic relations as basic and in this sense - for defining social relations in the superstructure. In this sense, economic relations trigger other public relations, including the legal system. In other words: Economy set the legal foundations (i.e. legal system). Obviously, there is a contradiction, but if this contradiction is apparent or meaningful (at paradigmatically level)? This contradiction led has provoked the scientific curiosity on the "macro-legal and macro-economic regulation of public relations". The study of this relationship is specified in the proposed study.
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Ìàðèíà Èâàíîâà Ìèëèíîâà
New Opportunities for Development of the Fintech Sector through the Sandbox Regulatory Regime
Summary:
The changes that are becoming more and more rapid and irreversible in the financial world inevitably lead to the need to introduce tools for their monitoring and regulation. This need for legislation requires the emergence of new technologies, including and the new sandbox-type control modes. The RegTech Sandbox itself is one of the sophisticated RegTech regulatory technology tools. The Sandbox is a "safe place" where businesses can test their innovative products and services, business models and delivery mechanisms so that consumers are protected. New financial products and technologies can be checked to see if they meet certain rules, regulatory and safety requirements. The most significant contribution from the use of sandbox is the help they provide to new companies to orient themselves in compliance with the complex legal and regulatory norms governing the financial industry.
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Rositsa Simeonova
New Aspects of Accounting Legislation
Summary:
Accounting is an information system, which only creates information regarding the financial position, the efficiency of operations, the changes in the financial position and the cash flows of enterprises. All this suggests certain requirements for its operation and the information it creates. They are codified in the existing accounting legislation – the Accountancy Act and the applicable accounting standards. Some changes have occurred due to the influence of various factors in the accounting regulations. In recent years, the reasons for this have been related to some changes in the basic EU acts that regulate the relations in the field of accounting.
A new Accountancy Act and National Accounting Standards (NAS) amended and supplemented have been in force since the beginning of 2016. The standards set out in these regulations have led to changes in the implementation of accounting as a practical activity.
This paper highlights both the new aspects of accounting legislation and those that give rise to certain inconsistencies in interpreting them and potential problems in applying them. This is done sequentially – first regarding the Accountancy Act, and then regarding the amendments and supplements to the National Accounting Standards. Some of the arguments can be taken into account when these regulations are further updated.
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Kenichiro Nakatani
Experience and environmental regulations in Japan - economical aspects and decisions
Summary:
Missing
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Svetoslav Borisov
Regulatory and Tax Challenges to Cryptoasset Market
Summary:
Many potential benefits of crypto assets for the financial sector are widely recognized, including cost savings, improved efficiency and transparency. The proliferation of cryptocurrencies and the remarkable expansion of novel economic practices associated with them pose an unprecedented challenge to established norms of taxation and market regulation. Currently, at the EU-wide level, there is a regulatory gap, which contributes to legal uncertainty and weak investor protection. The European Commission took the first steps to assume its competence over all crypto assets within the EU and, after a comprehensive review of the entire crypto assets ecosystem, issued a proposal for a regulation on markets in crypto assets. The EU legislative initiatives seek to unlock the potential of crypto-assets while mitigating the risks to financial stability, market integrity and consumer protection. This will lead to additional and better financial products for consumers, improving financial inclusion and financing of businesses. This study analyzes the regulatory achievements and challenges to overcome the widespread implementation of blockchain technology and the use of cryptocurrencies. The strengths and weaknesses in the tax practices for taxation of virtual currencies in some countries are discussed, and the emphasis is on the possibilities for overcoming the problem of tax evasion.
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Walter E. Block
Free Enterprise and Poverty: Cause or Cure?
Summary:
Poverty in general is created by governmental mismanagement. The solution to the problem is the free enterprise system. Markets reduce poverty by promoting incentives and rational economic activity. Governments exacerbate it by attacking private property, regulating business, and through taxation. The problem of black poverty stems mainly from the breakup, nay, the failure to form, of the black family. This, in turn, is traced to governmental welfare programs.