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Mohanad Fayiz Al Dweikat, Majdi Wael Alkababji, Othman Hussein Othman Othman
The Extent to which Jordanian Commercial Banks Rely on Electronic Disclosure of Accounting Information to Rationalize their Credit Decisions in Light of The Corona Crisis
Summary:
This study aims to identify the extent to which Jordanian commercial banks depend on electronic disclosure of accounting information to rationalize their credit decisions in light of the Corona crisis. The study population included all (23) Jordanian commercial banks, and the sample consisted of (81) respondents from credit officials and workers in the credit departments in these banks. The study concluded that Jordanian commercial banks rely on electronic disclosure in the statement of financial position, the income statement, the cash flow list, and the list of shareholders' equity published electronically to rationalize their credit decisions in light of the Corona crisis. The study recommended that Jordanian commercial banks pay more attention to displaying data in the statement of financial position, in which accounting information is disclosed electronically on an accrual basis, and to show the main groups of company accounts and their obligations towards lenders and owners.
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Galya Taseva
Innovation and Financial Performance of SMEs in Bulgaria
Summary:
: The relationship between innovation activity and the financial performance of SMEs in Bulgaria is examined. The survey results show that there is no statistically significant relationship between the innovation activity of enterprises and their financial results, net sales, profit margins, return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and asset turnover. However, a significant dependence of the innovative activity of SMEs in the country and indicators of their liquidity, indebtedness and bankruptcy risk are revealed. SMEs that have innovation costs or have introduced in their market a new or significantly improved product, or have introduced new or significantly improved production methods in the last three years, are less liquid, more indebted and more likely to go bankrupt.
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Ìàðèíà Èâàíîâà Ìèëèíîâà
New Opportunities for Development of the Fintech Sector through the Sandbox Regulatory Regime
Summary:
The changes that are becoming more and more rapid and irreversible in the financial world inevitably lead to the need to introduce tools for their monitoring and regulation. This need for legislation requires the emergence of new technologies, including and the new sandbox-type control modes. The RegTech Sandbox itself is one of the sophisticated RegTech regulatory technology tools. The Sandbox is a "safe place" where businesses can test their innovative products and services, business models and delivery mechanisms so that consumers are protected. New financial products and technologies can be checked to see if they meet certain rules, regulatory and safety requirements. The most significant contribution from the use of sandbox is the help they provide to new companies to orient themselves in compliance with the complex legal and regulatory norms governing the financial industry.
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Andrey Zahariev
Optimization of the Capital Structure of the Companies in Bulgaria (2011) – Technology and Practice
Summary:
The current survey aims to develop a technology for optimization of the capital structure of the Bulgarian firms based on empirical data in 2011. The study is an attempt to enlarge the researches in the field of the capital management under Bulgarian conditions. The resulted massive decapitalization of the Bulgarian stock exchange after 2008 introduce new, increased requirements towards the financial management in both tasks, firstly, in the construction of IPO’s, and secondly, in keeping the value of the company’s shares on levels, attractive for the institutional investors. The empirical results confirm the hypotheses for the existence of an applicable for the Bulgarian conditions technology for optimization of the capital structure of the Bulgarian firms.
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Irena Nikolova
Specifics in the Definition of Currency Risk
Summary:
Risk management is one of the tools for diminishing the negative effect on the companies in the non financial sector in times of economic and financial crisis. The foreign exchange risk as a part of the whole risk in a company has a direct as well as indirect influence on its corporate activities. The factors that influence the foreign exchange risk, the different economic levels and the foreign exchange risk as well as the various exposures to the risk are presented in this paper.
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Galya Taseva
Bankruptcy Risk in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Bulgaria
Summary:
The bankruptcy risk study for SMEs in Bulgaria is based on data from the financial statements of 100 non-financial firms with different main activities for the period 2014 - 2016, provided by the National Statistical Institute. The results of the study show that the implementation of well-established models of bankruptcy prediction, such as those of Altman, Springate, Taffler and Biever, may serve as an indicator for financial distress, but it is not sufficient to assess the risk of bankruptcy in Bulgarian economic conditions.
The survey results suggest that the coefficient Cash flow from operating activities / Current Liabilities has the potential to serve as an indicator of the differentiation of companies that are threatened with bankruptcy in the short term and even has some advantages over the models of Altman, Springate, Taffler and Biever in Bulgarian economic conditions. Given the high levels of the gray economy in the country and the widespread practice of manipulating the financial statements, it is reasonable in the analysis of bankruptcy risk to use in addition to the balance sheet and income statement indicators and such indicators incorporating information on the cash flow from operating activities of SMEs that is more difficult to manipulate. The large share of overdue and uncollectible receivables from clients in the country also presupposes using cash flow information to analyze bankruptcy risk. The Altman, Springate, Taffler and Biever models contain only in-company balance sheet and corporate income statement information and are not tailored to capture the systemic risk that creates high inter-firms indebtedness in the country, and in particular the high proportion of overdue trade receivables.
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Evgeni Raykov
Working Capital Management in Bulgarian Public Companies – Empirical Analysis during the Financial and Economic Crisis and Post-Crisis Recovery
Summary:
Modern financial analysis has become more responsible in line with the growing role and functions of financial management for providing reliable information base. It materializes in new control procedures and methodological approaches to analysis that identify more precisely the impact of the external environment and internal resources to maintain the balance between profitability and liquidity. Examined trends in Bulgarian companies have shown variable profitability of current assets as a result of dynamically changing turnover and uncertainty in terms of sales. Low profitability and return on total assets was the result of the negative effect of long-term investment policy before and during the crisis of 2007. Sound liquidity ratios demonstrate stable performance through its adjustment by changes in short-term liabilities and the rise in overall liquidity reflects the priorities of financial management for balanced management of working capital.
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Andrey Zahariev, Stefan Stanimirov, Nikolay Todorov Zdravkov
Managerial Financial Model of an Insurance Broker in Bulgaria - Methodological and Applied Aspects
Summary:
The object of research are the insurance brokers in Bulgaria, and its subject is the methodological framework for building a management financial model of an insurance broker in Bulgaria. The leading thesis in the present study is based on the statement that the optimal financial management of a brokerage company in the insurance sector in Bulgaria requires the construction of a complex model based on the control of the financial value of the company, which allows to compare the attractiveness of various business lines, through which to develop those of them, bringing the greatest increase in the value of the company. The purpose of the development is to justify a methodological framework for building a comprehensive financial management model based on the control of the financial value of the company, which allows by forecasting the benefits and costs to compare the attractiveness of different business lines for development and expansion. The focus is on gross premium income from corporate insurance and retail brokerage. As a result of the research, forecast values for the period 2019-2023 are generated, first the exogenous variables are predicted, and on their basis - the main target variables. The constructed model has an extremely high descriptive ability - as for the historical period the two curves - with real reporting data and the modelled one - practically coincide. On this basis, the forecast part can be considered relevant for the purposes of the management financial model. Similar results are achieved in the modelling and forecasting of retail premiums, which is the basis of the insurance broker's profit.
