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  Retail Enterprise Bargain Power

  The changes in the bargain power of traders are a result from the rising levels of concentration in the retail sector by increasing the area of physical outlets, the concentration of electronic stores and the establishment of retail chains, as well as by accelerating the processes of merging, buying-up, and implementing own brands. Subject of ... The changes in the bargain power of traders are a result from the rising levels of concentration in the retail sector by increasing the area of physical outlets, the concentration of electronic stores and the establishment of retail chains, as well as by accelerating the processes of merging, buying-up, and implementing own brands. Subject of research is the bargain power of retailers at negotiations with suppliers. The concepts ‘market power’ and ‘bargain power’ of retailers as buyers are clarified. A review is made of the theory on the power of retailers within the chain of selling consumer goods. The study is on the changes in the concentration of retail trade in Bulgaria and the bargain power of the latter in negotiations, measured by the level of gross margins.

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  Intelligence and Managerial Behavior in Management of Organization

  The article examines issues related to intelligence and behavior of managers in an organization. Managers today face different challenges and problems arising from the business environment and the dynamics of social process. In this context most of them need competencies that are essential to deal with business ventures in the organization. The ... The article examines issues related to intelligence and behavior of managers in an organization. Managers today face different challenges and problems arising from the business environment and the dynamics of social process. In this context most of them need competencies that are essential to deal with business ventures in the organization. The publication is a brief retrospective review of the types of intelligence (emotional, social and practical) and considers their specific characteristics. An integrative model of intelligence is proposed and behavior of managers in the organizational environment has been proposed.

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  Tools of the Contemporary Protectionist Policy of the European Union

  Despite the triumphal march of economic globalization, whose main characteristic is trade liberalization, countries and supranational integration formations have not abandoned, but improved the regulatory effects on international trade. The most decisive in the conduct of protectionist policy has been, in no small part, to continue to be the ... Despite the triumphal march of economic globalization, whose main characteristic is trade liberalization, countries and supranational integration formations have not abandoned, but improved the regulatory effects on international trade. The most decisive in the conduct of protectionist policy has been, in no small part, to continue to be the leaders of economic and technological dynamism - the USA, Japan and the European Community. The paper discusses the basic measures that protectionism is applied in practice: import licensing arrangements; duties with higher rates; import quotas; MIPs; minimum duties; additional duties and / or import taxes; import bans; dumping and countervailing duties. Conclusion, that contemporary forms and manifestations of these traditional instruments to mitigate foreign goods competition in favor of taking local farms are united in a common term “neoprotectionism”, has been reached.