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Mariana Georgieva
Some Aspects of Credit Policy of Banks in Bulgaria in the Current Economic Crisis
Summary:
Credit is one of the oldest, but also one of the most complex business functions of commercial banks, which largely determines the social status of these institutions. Lately, lending is seen as a 'package' of banking services. Meanwhile numerous and complex social relations occur during the credit transactions.
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Elena Ralinska
The Bussiness Model of the Peer-To- Peer Lending Platforms
Summary:
Peer-to- peer lending platforms as alternative of the conventional bank loan are analyzed in the current paper and in this context; we try to identify their essential features, similarities with and distinctions from traditional channels, advantages and disadvantages, problems and opportunities as well as future trends in their development. In our view, peer-to-peer lending platforms provide a valid alternative of financing, not a substitute for, but rather a complementary traditional banking model.
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Andrey Zahariev, Galina Zaharieva, Margarita Mihaylova
Digitalization and Recruitment of Human Resources in Banking and Insurance Companies: A Comparative Analysis
Summary:
The present study has a theoretical and empirical perspective in its construction. In the first aspect, the aim is to study the theoretical achievements in the field of digital technological solutions for the selection of human resources, their potential advantages and disadvantages, and in the second aspect - an analysis of the policies of the Bulgarian financial enterprises in the field of digitalization, incl. human resources, the practices of using modern techniques of selection, the potential for their improvement and refinement. The object of the research is the Bulgarian enterprises from the banking and insurance sectors, and the subject - their digitalization policies and the modern methods of selection of human resources that they use. The surveyed insurance companies form 65.35% of the gross premium income of the Bulgarian non-life insurance market as of 30.06.2022. The studied credit institutions are licensed by the BNB commercial banks in the Republic of Bulgaria, which manage 70.04% of the assets in the banking system of the studied national market as of 30.06.2022. The comparative analysis of the two groups of financial enterprises shows both similarities and significant differences. Due to the larger number of managed personnel, commercial banks are developing their own platforms for digitization and HR selection, while the process for insurers is more conservative and relies on intermediaries. The received answers to questions on the Likert scale related to digitalization in human resources management establish significant differences in expert assessments for the two groups of financial enterprises.
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Mohanad Fayiz Al Dweikat, Majdi Wael Alkababji, Othman Hussein Othman Othman
The Extent to which Jordanian Commercial Banks Rely on Electronic Disclosure of Accounting Information to Rationalize their Credit Decisions in Light of The Corona Crisis
Summary:
This study aims to identify the extent to which Jordanian commercial banks depend on electronic disclosure of accounting information to rationalize their credit decisions in light of the Corona crisis. The study population included all (23) Jordanian commercial banks, and the sample consisted of (81) respondents from credit officials and workers in the credit departments in these banks. The study concluded that Jordanian commercial banks rely on electronic disclosure in the statement of financial position, the income statement, the cash flow list, and the list of shareholders' equity published electronically to rationalize their credit decisions in light of the Corona crisis. The study recommended that Jordanian commercial banks pay more attention to displaying data in the statement of financial position, in which accounting information is disclosed electronically on an accrual basis, and to show the main groups of company accounts and their obligations towards lenders and owners.
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Emilia Milanova
The New Philosophy Of Basel III
Summary:
The study discusses the major objectives of the Basel III reform package as a philosophy of the new capital accord. It emphasizes the improvement of the capital framework in five main aspects: strengthening the quality, consistency and transparency of the capital base; risk coverage improvement; supplementing the risk-based capital requirement with the leverage ratio; reduction of procyclicity of the counter-cyclical buffers; solution to the issues with the system risk and interconnectedness. The introduction of a global standard for liquidity is presented as another significant aspect in the Basel III package. The paper analyses the question to what extent the Bulgarian banking system is prepared for the new more rigid capital requirements.
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Radka Andasarova
Practical-Applied Model for the Recognition of Impairment Losses for Defaulted Exposures in Commercial Banks
Summary:
The Bulgarian banking system has the practice of determining the impairment losses, which is entirely built on the concepts of Ordinance No.9 of BNB, cancelled in April 2014. After its cancellation any bank credit institution must take action to establish a new policy for the recognition and measurement of their risk exposures and on these grounds to take action to determine the extent of devaluation for a credit risk. In connection with this, the parameter "defaulted exposure" can be used for the purposes of internal bank systems for the recognition and measurement of risk exposures in the decision for the recognition of impairment for credit risk. Defaulted exposure can be defined as an indicator of the level of risk that a bank can take, depending on the ability and desire of a borrower to meet their obligations on the debt. The defaulted exposure is equal to the carrying value of the exposure calculated by the applicable accounting standards.
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Penko Dimitrov
Set-Off as a Means for Extinguishing Financial Obligations
Summary:
The widely spread monetary character of financial receivables and obligations allows the use of the legal concept of set-off in financial law as well. This article considers the influence of the specificities of regulated public relations and the sovereign method applied in financial law on the requirements and the conditions for the use of set-off for the purposes of the discharge of financial receivables and obligations.
This article analyses the general and the special legal framework regulating the the requirements and the conditions for the use of set-off for the purposes of the discharge of financial receivables and obligations. It considers different cases where the set-off of financial receivables and obligations is allowed – set-off by revenue organs, set-off by the organ competent to determine the financial obligation, set-off during an enforcement procedure, as well set-off of financial receivables and obligations in accordance with certain special laws.
A particular attention is given to the sovereign act on the basis of which the set-off of financial receivables and obligations is performed – the set-off act, as well as the organs competent for its issuance.