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Maya Tsoklinova
Impact of the Green Economy on the Level of Health Status of Population in Some EU Member States
Summary:
Many of the European Union's policies are related to promoting the idea of a ecological and resource-efficient economy, respecting the principles of the green economy. The latter is defined as the main tool through which the goals of sustainable development can be achieved. The green economy is perceived as a universal approach that has an impact on the long-term development of national economies and helps to solve a number of problems related to the economy, public welfare and environmental protection. The aim of the article is to make complex assessments of the level of the green economy and the level of health status of the population in some European countries and to establish the degree of interdependence between them. The first complex assessment is based on the following indicators: consumption of inorganic fertilizers; environmental taxes and fees by economic activities; a contribution to the USD 100 billion international commitment to climate-related spending; capacity for production of electricity from renewable sources and waste; production in industry, and the second one is based on: average life expectancy; share of people with good or very good perception of health as a value; air pollutants and greenhouse gases; causes of death; general health expenditure. It was found that the degree of dependence between the two complex estimates is large, since the value of the correlation coefficient (r) is 0.87.
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Maya Tsoklinova
Government Redistributive Policies in EU Member States: Comparative Characteristics
Summary:
Fiscal discipline regarding tax revenues and expenditure, stabilization of incomes, promotion of consumption and stimulation of economic activity during the business cycle are essential for achieving macroeconomic stability. Despite the built-in automatic stabilizers and the limit that is set in the EU in terms of government expenditure, they are not a guarantee of achieving similarity in the economic development of individual EU member states and their behaviour, especially during economic crises, as well as in terms of quantity of supply of public goods relevant to public welfare. In addition, each EU member state constructs its economic policy in a way that meets the commonly accepted objectives in the EU. In this sense, government expenditures of the sub-sector “Central Government” are a necessary mechanism for ensuring the sustainability and stability of national economies and are a criterion for achieving the medium and long-term goals in government programs. The main goal of the article is to systematize the EU member states into homogeneous groups (Êëúñòúðs) based on the relative shares of expenditure by functions of the COFOG in GDP, and on this basis to make a comparative analysis of the financing of public goods important to society, which reflects differences in state redistributive policies at EU level. The research hypothesis defended in the present study states that, regardless of the existence of common fiscal rules and policies in the EU, there is a significant difference in the financing of public goods in individual EU member states, which is a prerequisite for different government redistributive policies at the EU level , as well as for the differentiated implementation of the goals set in the “Europe 2020” strategy, related to the generation of intelligent, sustainable and inclusive growth. Non-hierarchical Cluster analysis and more specifically K-means Cluster was used to achieve the research objective.
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Maya Tsoklinova
Comparative Analysis of Expenditure in the Central Government Subsector of Bulgaria and Greece according to COFOG for the Period 1998-2018
Summary:
It is essential to study and analyse government expenditure in order to identify trends in their development. Periodic reporting of trends in government expenditure allows economic agents to plan their business actions on the basis of objective information, reducing the uncertainty of the economic system. In addition, measuring the changes in the structure of government expenditures (especially the expenditures of the Central Government subsector by function of Classification of the functions of government (COFOG)) allows revealing the priorities in the provision of public goods. The goal of the article is to make a comparative analysis of the expenditure of the subsector "Central government" by functions of COFOG of Bulgaria and Greece and on this basis to reveal the trends in their development, as well as to highlight the differences in spending policies between the two countries.
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Maya Tsoklinova
Degree of Differences in the Structure of Government Expenditure for the Provision of Collective Services Between EU-26 and Bulgaria
Summary:
The main goal of this article is to examine the differences in the structure of the expenditure of the “Central Gorvernment” sub-sector by functions of the classification of the functions of state government (COFOG) between the EU-26 and Bulgaria in the period 2007 - 2021 and, on this basis, to analyze the conducted public policies in the field of providing collective services for the benefit of society, aimed at increasing public welfare. To realize the set goal, an integral coefficient of structural differences is used. The obtained results indicate that during the analyzed period there are significant differences in the structure of certain expenditure by functions of the COFOG between the EU-26 and Bulgaria, which in turn is the reason for differentiation in the public policies implemented between the EU and Bulgaria.
