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  Measurement of the Term “Readability” in the Annual Activity Reports of the Bulgarian Public Companies

  The text of public disclosures is a basic unit of communication between the enterprise and the external users concerned, in particular - the investors. The aim is for the latter to obtain information regarding the results from the activity of the enterprise, its financial position, as well as its prospects for development. A condition for ... The text of public disclosures is a basic unit of communication between the enterprise and the external users concerned, in particular - the investors. The aim is for the latter to obtain information regarding the results from the activity of the enterprise, its financial position, as well as its prospects for development. A condition for achieving efficiency in this process is the ease of understanding of the published textual information, contained in the financial statements. It is essential that it is complete, accurate and reliable, presented unambiguously, clearly and specifically so that it is easily perceived and understood by its users. For this reason, the empirical study of the "readability" factor of the information disclosed in the annual reports on the activities of the Bulgarian public enterprises is of great interest.

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  The Role of Materiality and the Correct Assessment of Audit Risk in Issuing Quality Audit Report

  The Certified Public Accountant (CPA) has to take an oath before the independent financial audit may commence. Everyone has to comply with the code of ethics, perform a quality and independent work. This paper is aimed at supporting the work of auditors by providing theoretical knowledge and illustrative examples on the definition and use of audit ... The Certified Public Accountant (CPA) has to take an oath before the independent financial audit may commence. Everyone has to comply with the code of ethics, perform a quality and independent work. This paper is aimed at supporting the work of auditors by providing theoretical knowledge and illustrative examples on the definition and use of audit materiality. Each of us is a user of financial statement information, however we may not always understand from the audit report if there is an unqualified (clear) opinion (in terms of volume). This is due to the fact that the audit materiality is stated in the audit file and not considered valuable in the audit report. In addition, the audit materiality is not a public information and any errors below the level of materiality remain in the audit file. What is the level of materiality determined by the auditor, what are the rules that have led to define it? This remains confidential information. The core of the audit is to determine the audit risk, the level of materiality and gathering audit evidence. Quality work performed by the auditor ensures audit quality. It is difficult to determine audit quality as this does not get clear from the auditor's report. Therefore, in order to better inform users of financial statements, it is required additional disclosures to be made in the audit report presented as recommendations in the study.

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  Perceived Risk in Mandatory Risk Disclosures

  Banks are taking risks which are ex post inadequately disclosed. Opaque information impedes market participants to estimate the level of risk. Risk disclosures allow investors and other stakeholders to understand the risk profile of the bank entity. In effect, ttransparent risk disclosures promote market discipline. The paper is focused on the ... Banks are taking risks which are ex post inadequately disclosed. Opaque information impedes market participants to estimate the level of risk. Risk disclosures allow investors and other stakeholders to understand the risk profile of the bank entity. In effect, ttransparent risk disclosures promote market discipline. The paper is focused on the identification of the affect of the financial risk on the ex post mandatory disclosures.