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  Clasification of Costs as a Tool for Business Management in Bulgarian Reality

  Costs are an essential tool in the economic management of enterprises. According to the results of an empirical study, contemporary Bulgarian practice recognizes this fact. In the same time we witness a number of controversies regarding the understanding of costs, assessing their relevance to financial management and practical implementation of ... Costs are an essential tool in the economic management of enterprises. According to the results of an empirical study, contemporary Bulgarian practice recognizes this fact. In the same time we witness a number of controversies regarding the understanding of costs, assessing their relevance to financial management and practical implementation of various cost. The main reason for this is a lack of adequate knowledge for the opportunities offered by the different approaches to cost management. As a necessary first step we consider dissemination of information for costs in various aspects. Responding to that gap, we propose a broad modern classification of costs, combining classification criteria, classification purposes and specific types of costs.

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  A Multi-Disciplinary, Social Constructivist Approach to Promoting Student Engagement, Retention and Achievement in Higher Education

  This article details a social constructivist-based methodology to learning English as a foreign language via a multi-disciplinary approach. The approach used bases learning in a novel, real-world situation so that learners can benefit from the experience of learning and gaining tacit knowledge within a scenario that is designed to enhance ... This article details a social constructivist-based methodology to learning English as a foreign language via a multi-disciplinary approach. The approach used bases learning in a novel, real-world situation so that learners can benefit from the experience of learning and gaining tacit knowledge within a scenario that is designed to enhance motivation. The two groups of students under study were given a year-long project to complete where they had to use not only their language skills, but skills they had developed in other modules from their programme of education such as project planning, project management, planning and holding meetings, producing project reports and working within a collaborative framework. The teaching and research methods in this study aim to improve student engagement with subject materials via added-value and added interest through the use of a practical project, which, in turn, is hoped to improve class retention and student achievement.

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  Software-Defined Networks as a Basis for the Information Infrastructure of the Future

  Increasing information needs in the corporate sector changed the generally accepted conceptions for design and construction of modern computer networks. Nowadays, services and applications being developed require flexibility and efficiency when using the capacity of the communication channels. The existing network architectures have the potential ... Increasing information needs in the corporate sector changed the generally accepted conceptions for design and construction of modern computer networks. Nowadays, services and applications being developed require flexibility and efficiency when using the capacity of the communication channels. The existing network architectures have the potential to fulfill this requirement, but at the cost of a lot of resources. That drew the attention of many specialists to a new architectural concept – SDN, which provides a better management for the network infrastructure of business organizations.