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  Audit Procedures in Accounting Estimates and Tax Effects in Financial Statements

  Executives in enterprises make judgments in a number of cases when giving accounting estimates. In order not to mislead information users, those judgments must be reasonable and consistent with circumstances. As a result of the uncertainties inherent to operating activities, a lot of entries in financial statements cannot be assessed precisely but ... Executives in enterprises make judgments in a number of cases when giving accounting estimates. In order not to mislead information users, those judgments must be reasonable and consistent with circumstances. As a result of the uncertainties inherent to operating activities, a lot of entries in financial statements cannot be assessed precisely but can only be given a rough estimate. The latter is based on the reliable information available. Conducted audit procedures are therefore essential in order to express an opinion as to the reliability of executives’ judgments. This paper aims to define the major dependencies between accounting estimates and requirements related to auditors’ professional judgment. The focus of research is on reducing information asymmetries in reporting accounting estimates and their tax treatment.

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  Fakes as Objects of Tax Control

  Counterfeits are those results from an act or omission that is false, fraudulent or forged like the existing product. They contain foreign traits (characteristics) that create the illusion of a quality product at a higher cost or price, respectively. Counterfeits are of interest for tax control due to the fact that they generate profit. Tax ... Counterfeits are those results from an act or omission that is false, fraudulent or forged like the existing product. They contain foreign traits (characteristics) that create the illusion of a quality product at a higher cost or price, respectively. Counterfeits are of interest for tax control due to the fact that they generate profit. Tax control shall be established reality of profit, which serves as the basis for the calculation of tax liabilities, and the opportunities for manipulation of revenue and expenditure variables. Due to the wide variety of fakes, in this article false documents created in relation to counterfeit goods will be highlighted. Types of document crimes have been structured and their number compared (including sanctioned offenders) with the counterfeit goods and accompanying forged documents.

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  Methods of Amortization ind its Influence on Financial Result

  The article deals with the methods of amortization of non-current tangible assets, regulated by the applicable accounting standards. Data are used to illustrate the operation with them. The annual amortization allowances are calculated by any of the methods of amortization within the useful life of the asset, using the same data. Amortization ... The article deals with the methods of amortization of non-current tangible assets, regulated by the applicable accounting standards. Data are used to illustrate the operation with them. The annual amortization allowances are calculated by any of the methods of amortization within the useful life of the asset, using the same data. Amortization allowances are accounted as amortization costs relating as directed, according to the adopted accounting policies by enterprises. They are included in the formation of the cost of the products of labour and accounting financial result. To demonstrate their effect on the financial result, a comparison between them has been made. Tables and graphs are included in the article.