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  Bankruptcy Risk in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Bulgaria

  The bankruptcy risk study for SMEs in Bulgaria is based on data from the financial statements of 100 non-financial firms with different main activities for the period 2014 - 2016, provided by the National Statistical Institute. The results of the study show that the implementation of well-established models of bankruptcy prediction, such as those ... The bankruptcy risk study for SMEs in Bulgaria is based on data from the financial statements of 100 non-financial firms with different main activities for the period 2014 - 2016, provided by the National Statistical Institute. The results of the study show that the implementation of well-established models of bankruptcy prediction, such as those of Altman, Springate, Taffler and Biever, may serve as an indicator for financial distress, but it is not sufficient to assess the risk of bankruptcy in Bulgarian economic conditions. The survey results suggest that the coefficient Cash flow from operating activities / Current Liabilities has the potential to serve as an indicator of the differentiation of companies that are threatened with bankruptcy in the short term and even has some advantages over the models of Altman, Springate, Taffler and Biever in Bulgarian economic conditions. Given the high levels of the gray economy in the country and the widespread practice of manipulating the financial statements, it is reasonable in the analysis of bankruptcy risk to use in addition to the balance sheet and income statement indicators and such indicators incorporating information on the cash flow from operating activities of SMEs that is more difficult to manipulate. The large share of overdue and uncollectible receivables from clients in the country also presupposes using cash flow information to analyze bankruptcy risk. The Altman, Springate, Taffler and Biever models contain only in-company balance sheet and corporate income statement information and are not tailored to capture the systemic risk that creates high inter-firms indebtedness in the country, and in particular the high proportion of overdue trade receivables.

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  Rejoinder to Wysocki on Indifference and the Block-Hoppe Debate

  There has been an ongoing debate in Austrian economic circles on indifference and methodology. It started with Nozick (1977) who criticized this school of thought on that issue. Block (1980) responded to that essay. The main debaters within Austrian circles have been Block (2009A), Block and Barnett (2010), and Hoppe (2005, 2009). Wysocki (2017) ... There has been an ongoing debate in Austrian economic circles on indifference and methodology. It started with Nozick (1977) who criticized this school of thought on that issue. Block (1980) responded to that essay. The main debaters within Austrian circles have been Block (2009A), Block and Barnett (2010), and Hoppe (2005, 2009). Wysocki (2017) is a recent entry into this discussion. The present paper is a response to this latter contribution.

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  Standardized Approach to Identification of Infrastructure Assets in Public Sector

  This paper presents accounting analysis of infrastructure assets as elements of fixed assets in the public sector. Infrastructure assets are significant assets for the public sector. Significant resources of the society are invested in these assets. This paper defines public sector assets and outlines major differences with the definitions in the ... This paper presents accounting analysis of infrastructure assets as elements of fixed assets in the public sector. Infrastructure assets are significant assets for the public sector. Significant resources of the society are invested in these assets. This paper defines public sector assets and outlines major differences with the definitions in the private sector. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the regulations on infrastructure assets in the European Accounting Rules and International Public Sector Accounting Standards. The paper presents the main accounting policies applied in accounting for infrastructure assets in New Zealand, which is one of the few countries in the world that apply the full version of International Public Sector Accounting Standards. Some of the problems in accounting for infrastructure assets in Bulgaria have been systematized.