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  Analysis of Selected Macroeconomic Indicators for BRICS Countries Excluding China

  This study analyzes key macroeconomic indicators of the BRICS countries, excluding China, in the context of the economic challenges and global changes since 2008. Looking at the indicators for the period 2020–2024, the paper presents their rate of change and each country's contribution to the alliance. The analysis shows that the countries are ... This study analyzes key macroeconomic indicators of the BRICS countries, excluding China, in the context of the economic challenges and global changes since 2008. Looking at the indicators for the period 2020–2024, the paper presents their rate of change and each country's contribution to the alliance. The analysis shows that the countries are achieving significant economic growth, despite the differences in dynamics and the challenges they face. Brazil is demonstrating an improvement in its position in the world, India is increasing its purchasing power and attracting investment, Russia is facing the economic consequences of its invasion of Ukraine, and South Africa remains the weakest economy in the union, with its key role in it. The conclusion is that, despite their differences, each BRICS country is developing a sustainable economy, improving cooperation among themselves, and changing the existing economic and political system.

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  The Descendants of the Svishtov National Revival Merchant Boro Nenovych in the Economic and Socio-Political Life of Bulgaria after the Liberation (Sketches on the Life Path of Georgi, Yani, And Gavril Nenovych)

  Following the Liberation of Bulgaria, a considerable number of individuals born in Svishtov - representing various generations and possessing both formal education and established expertise in commercial and public affairs - proved to be highly qualified personnel for the administrative requirements of the nascent state, in which they actively ... Following the Liberation of Bulgaria, a considerable number of individuals born in Svishtov - representing various generations and possessing both formal education and established expertise in commercial and public affairs - proved to be highly qualified personnel for the administrative requirements of the nascent state, in which they actively participated. Notable among these figures, who have been the subject of extensive scholarly research, are Grigor Nachovich, Dragan Tsankov, Nikola Suknarov, Nikolay Pavlovich, Dimitar Pavlovich, among others. This article examines the life trajectories of the lesser-known figures descended from Bora Nenovich, a prominent merchant from Svishtov active during the first half of the nineteenth century. Like their predecessor, these individuals contributed significantly to the economic, political, and social modernization of the country. This study synthesizes the existing historiographical data on Bora Nenovich and traces the respective careers of his descendants: Georgi B. Nenovich within the provincial and Sofia judicial systems; Yani B. Nenovich as a customs director in Varna and Rousse; and the multifaceted activities of the third brother, Gavril B. Nenovich, in Svishtov. Furthermore, this paper evaluates the outcomes of their professional endeavors and their institutional competencies. The author concludes that Gavril B. Nenovich fully realized his potential as a merchant, political leader, and public figure within his hometown, demonstrating no ambition to relocate to the capital despite possessing the means to do so. Ultimately, the professional achievements of the three brothers serve as a poignant case study of duty fulfilled toward both family and nation.

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  Microgrids as a Strategic Solution for Decentralization of New Smart Quarters

  This article examines the economic efficiency of implementing microgrids as a strategic tool for decentralizing new residential neighborhoods in smart cities. The reduction of operating costs and the increase in the degree of energy independence are proven. This was achieved through a simulation model for comparing the traditional electricity ... This article examines the economic efficiency of implementing microgrids as a strategic tool for decentralizing new residential neighborhoods in smart cities. The reduction of operating costs and the increase in the degree of energy independence are proven. This was achieved through a simulation model for comparing the traditional electricity connection with a decentralized photovoltaic installation with energy storage systems. Urban planners, municipal structures and construction developers are offered practical solutions for including these systems at an early stage of the spatial and conceptual design of the modern urban environment.